AsiaPac

• The Relational Database Model ...
  

  • Edgar (Ted) Codd, 1923-2003 - remembering the father of the relational database
  • Wikipedia entry for Edgar F. "Ted" Codd (August 23, 1923 - April 18, 2003)
  • A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks (the classic paper by E. F. Codd)
  • E. F. Codd - a bibliography
  • Information Science Hall of Fame >> Dr. Edgar Frank Codd
  • Codd's 12 Rules
  • Ted Codd and his 12 Rules for Relational Databases
    
  • From Builder.com ... Relational databases: The inspiration behind the theory (the origins of relational database theory) - Applying the First Normal Form - Using normal forms to create databases
  • A Simple Guide to Five Normal Forms in Relational Database Theory {ACM paper]
  • Overview of Normalization (University of Texas)
  • The Relational Model (University of Salford. >> Broken link! Can anybody find it again?)
  • WDVL: Database Normalization
  • The Relational Model
  • AIS - Applied Information Science
  • The Birth of the Relational Model - Part 1 and The Birth of the Relational Model - Part 2
     
  • Overview of Normalization
  • Why Study the Relational Model?

  • Database Theory
    A nice and simple summary. (What's more, from an accounting company! Why not?)

    • Characteristics of a Relational Database
       
  • Developer Shed - An Introduction to Database Normalization
  • The Journal of Conceptual Modeling - Data Schema Normalization
  • C. J. Date ... The First Three Normal Forms (Part 1) - The First Three Normal Forms (Part 2) - Normalization Is No Panacea
     
  • IODE - The International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange
  • Databases
  • Relational Model
  • Normalization and Performance - Never the Twain shall Meet!
  • Theory and Practice of Relational Databases (book) >> Database Normalization Basics Webcast
  • The great primary-key debate
     
  • IBM System R - a database system built in the 1970s as a research project at IBM San Jose Research (now IBM Almaden Research Center), the first ever implementation of Structured Query Language (SQL), which has since become the standard relational data query language.
     
  • Database Answers
  • Database normalization starts with the keys
  • A portrait of the IT manager as a database object
  • To be or not to be normal - That is the database question
  • The Way to Assure Normalization - Maintain simplicity
  • Designing a Database -- Understanding Relational Design (Microsoft Access examples)
  • Relational and Object-Oriented Databases
     
  • The Great Primary Key Debate and Foreign key definition renders primary key irrelevant
  • The Way to Assure Normalization - Maintain simplicity - "How to make your database a success: Keep it simple"
  • 15 Seconds >> Introduction to Relational Databases - Part 1: Theoretical Foundation
  • DevHood >> Database Tutorials
    • Database Normalization, Part 1 - Database Normalization, Part 2 -- Second and Third Normal Forms - SQL Primer
       
  • Abnormal Databases - Knowing When to Break the Rules Can Improve Database Performance
  • How Table Normalization Can Improve Performance
  • SQL (Structured Query Language) und XML (eXtensible Markup Language) - in German / Deutsch
    • SQL-Tutorial with Offline Interpreter - queries can be tested with a freeware-tool, complex samples (subqueries, GroupBy, etc) are discussed
       
  • Relational Databases 101 (Hitchhiker's Guide to Visual Studio and SQL Server: Best Practice Architectures and Examples) - Understanding what relational databases are all about is the first step to effectively using them.
     
  • The RDBMS Is Dead - "we can see a whole class of applications (maybe a couple of classes) where the importance of the RDBMS as we know it today is greatly diminished." ... Also: The RDBMS Is Legacy

Worldwide Information Growth Ticker

• 40 years on, IBM IMS still going strong (March 2009) - "After 40 years, IBM’s IMS solutions remain unmatched in high volume at lowest cost per transaction, as well as in high resiliency and quality. IMS is the product of choice for critical online operational applications and data where support for high availability, performance, capacity and integrity, and low cost are key factors. ... IMS is still the leader for transaction efficiency. Ideal transaction and data profiles include transactions that run billions of times a year, transactions that change infrequently, highly structured data and access patterns, and transactions and data with large scalability and/or very high availability requirements. IMS on the mainframe is therefore best for applications that have lifetime transaction volumes in the billions or even trillions (e.g., ATMs, orders, claims and assembly lines all make use of this optimized environment)."
  
  

• Gartner -- f="http://mediaproducts.gartner.com/reprints/ingres/167616.html">Cost Optimization with Open-Source DBMSs

• J.W. Rider Consulting >> Data Models
• An Unified Model of Data
• Database Models - Hierarcical, Network, Relational, Object-Oriented, Associative

• The Hierarchical Database Model

• The Network Database Model

• The XML:DB Initiative for XML Databases
  • A native XML Databases primer - "There are those who believe that modeling a database on a hierarchical language is a big step backward:."
     
• State of the Art Papers on Computing
• File System Technology – Thinking Outside the Box - Through recent file system software innovation, it is now possible to think outside the single purpose, single-box approach to storage, and to size storage, channel capacity, and server horsepower independently.
   
• The column-oriented Vertica Database "revolutionizes performance, cost efficiency and ease of use for large scale data warehouse and data mart workloads"
   
• The Database Column
  • One size fits all: A concept whose time has come and gone - \ Since the 1970s, new DBMS application areas have emerged with very different requirements than OLTP. These include data warehouses, scientific and intelligence DBMSs, text and semi-structured data. ... the world of 2007 is radically different from the world of the late 1970s. However, none of the major vendors have performed a complete redesign to deal with this changed landscape. As such they should be considered legacy technology, more than a quarter of century in age and "long in the tooth".
  • Relational databases for storing and querying RDF (The Resource Description Format, RDF, is a way to describe information about relationships between entities and objects.)


• How Much Would Data Theft Cost You? Calculate It online ... the Tech//404 Data Loss Cost Calculator is a free, interactive tool designed to assess the impact of a data breach or identity theft data loss incident.
   
• PolePosition - open source database benchmark test suite ("a great platform to learn about the specific performance of persistence solutions in object-oriented environments")

• Pal's Linux RDBMS Library

• Viewpoint from a Database Analyst: A Database Design Principles Blog
   

• Patterns and Best Practices for Enterprise Integration - This site is dedicated to making the design and implementation of integration solutions easier. The solutions and approaches described here are relevant for integration tools and platforms such as IBM WebSphere MQ, TIBCO, Vitria, SeeBeyond, WebMethods, BizTalk, JMS,WCF, MSMQ, ESB's such as Sonic, Fiorano, ServiceMix, or Mule, plus SOA and Web-service based solutions. (All content on this site is original and is maintained by Gregor Hohpe.)
  • Starbucks Does Not Use Two-Phase Commit - There is little doubt that asynchronous solutions require us to think in new ways as we have to deal with concurrency, out-of-sequence issues, correlation and other. However, the real world is full of examples of asynchronous processes that deal successfully with exactly the same issues. We don't have to go further than the local coffee shop.
  • SOA's and Drunk Driving - Thinking about service-oriented architectures as an architectural style and how it compares to prior styles, such as distributed component architectures. ... Gregor Hohpe wonders if the evolution of architectural styles is a little bit like drunk driving!
  • And lots more ...

• ZFS - "the last word in file systems" - according to Sun Microsystems. "The breakthrough file system in Sun's Solaris 10 operating system, delivers virtually unlimited capacity [the world's first 128-bit file system, ZFS offers 16 billion billion times the capacity of 32- or 64-bit systems], provable data integrity [64-bit checksums that detect and correct silent data corruption], and near-zero administration [automates and consolidates complicated storage administration concepts, reducing administrative overhead by 80 percent]."
   

• On the so-called "Associative Model Of Data"
• ADBMS - Associative Database Management Systems
  • The Associative Computing Model
  • Legacy System Transformation
• Lazy Software
  
  • Sentences^TM Database (an implementation of the associative model) >> White papers
  • Associative Model of Data^TM - "The first major advance beyond the relational model of data"
  • Related book: The Associative Model of Data >> Contents >> Preface
  • Lazy Software Debuts New Database for OS/400 (a review)
     
• Intersystems Caché - "a new generation of ultra high performance database technology known as “post-relational”. As a post-relational database, it combines an object database, high performance SQL, and powerful multidimensional data access – all of which can simultaneously access the same data. Data is only described once in a single integrated data dictionary and is instantly available using all access methods. Caché provides levels of performance, scalability, rapid programming, and ease of use unattainable by relational technology."
• Sleepycat Software >> Berkeley DB Data Store - Berkeley DB XML
• The Simias Collection Store Model - a specialized object data store whose primary application is to associate searchable metadata with file system entries. The metadata and associated file system entries comprise a collection, which can be shared from a master data store to multiple slave data stores. The collection data will be kept synchronized between all of the data stores. Collections may also be made up of objects that do not model a file system, but that have defined relationships to each other.
   

• Object-Oriented Database Systems ...
  

  • Object-Oriented Database Systems
  • Relational versus object-oriented database systems
  • Object Database vs. Object-Relational Databases
  • Object Oriented Programming Oversold - OOP Myths Debunked
  • Debunking Object-Database Myths
  • Distributed Object Relational Databases using Java
  • Enterprise Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures >> Object-Relational Mapping
  • Who cares about object databases?
  • Mapping objects to relational databases - "The object paradigm is based on software engineering principles such as coupling, cohesion, and encapsulation, whereas the relational paradigm is based on mathematical principles, particularly those of set theory. The two different theoretical foundations lead to different strengths and weaknesses."
     
  • Hibernate - a FREE object/relational mapping (ORM) solution for Java environment (ultra-high performance object/relational persistence)
    • Object/Relational Mapping and Transparent Object Persistence for Java and SQL Databases
       
  • db4objects - native Java and .NET open source object database
    • db4objects launches open source company
    • Inside the db4o Database - Replication Made easy ... Among other features, db4o, an open-source object database for Java and .NET, has built-in support for synchronization.
       
  • R-trees for Visualizing and Organizing Large 3D GIS Databases (dissertation - Michael Kofler, Ibstitute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz, July 1998) ... This thesis describes how to organize, store and visualize large 3D GIS databases (GIS stands for Geographical Information System, e.g. applications to manage geographical data). 'Large' means that the 3D models may be much larger than main memory (up to hundreds of Gbytes). Despite the size of the 3D models, real-time visualization is necessary to provide a convenient user interface.
     
  • Crossfire O/R (Object Relational mapping engine) - "a product to generate Java Program instead of human. ... can generate Java Program executing SQL by using JDBC with this product." ... Eclipse 3.1 as well as NetBeans 5.0 versions are available, both the FREE Basic Edition and the more functional commercial Pro Edition.
    

• Red Hat Database - an open source, object-relational database management system (ORDBMS). Powered by PostgreSQL and integrated with Red Hat Linux, It is a scalable, ACID-compliant data management solution for mid-sized businesses and enterprise workgroups.
   

• DataModel.org

  • Data Modeling >> 5 Rules of Normalization - Dictionary of Data Modelling Terms - Data Modeling Books - Cardinality Explained - Cardinality with Mandatory Parent >> DBMS Comparisons >> Database Design Tools >> Data Modeling Dictionary
     

• Ensuring Database Quality - There are lots of reasons why you need to develop a comprehensive testing strategy for your databases.



• Agile Databases - "The Agile Data method, and the supporting agile database techniques, describe an approach that has a chance at succeeding because it describes ways that people actually work in practice.  It’s not just a collection of academic theories that sound great."
   
• The Database Design Resource Center (Alf Pedersen) - "discussing themes regarding database modeling, normalization techniques, primary key issues, programming strategies, and any other aspect relating to building data models that will form the basis of high-performing databases."
  • The Universe - A Simplified Data Model - This is "a play with a simplified model of The Universe, just to illustrate the power of ER Modeling."
  • e-Books on database design >> a href="http://www.databasedesign-resource.com/entity-relationship.html">Entity Relationship Modeling - Principles (FREE download) - Database normalization - Primary Keys
  • Database Glossary
  • Database Design Resource - FORUM
    
    

• Database Debunkings - "Where Persistent Prevailing Database Fallacies Are Dispelled" ,,, A lot of what is being said, written, or done in the database management field -- or whatever is left of it -- by vendors, the trade press and "experts" is irrelevant, misleading, or outright wrong. While this is to a degree true of computing in general, in the database field the problems are so acute that, claims to the contrary notwithstanding, technology is actually regressing!;"
  

  • Little Relationship to Relational

  • Truth, Fads and Principles - What's Wrong with the Database Industry?

  • On XML's Usefulness

   

• Calculating the Cost of Dormant Data - Do you have information that never has been and never will be accessed? It can give your data warehouse a heart attack. Use this calculator to find out whether your systems are at risk.
   

• Microsoft’s new database modeling tool for .NET - using Microsoft Visio for Enterprise Architects ...
  A series of articles (by Dr Terry Halpin) - see the June 2001 and later issues of the Journal of Conceptual Modeling and the ORM - Object Role Modeling site
   

• IBM Systems Journal >> Information Integration special issue
  • Articles include Information integration: A new generation of information technology - Data integration through database federation - DB2 and Web services - Bringing together content and data management systems: Challenges and opportunities - The integration of business intelligence and knowledge management - Relational extensions for OLAP - Using flows in information integration - Extending the concept of transaction compensation
     
• An Expert's Guide to DB2 Technology - a blog by Chris Eaton (a DB2 for Linux, UNIX and Windows lifer having worked at IBM on DB2 since its inception). He shares his experiences and provides tips and techniques for getting the most out of DB2 including how to exploit new features and releases as they come on-line.


• The versions of DB2 being used - March 2006 poll results (DB2 Magazine)
   
• XML in Focus - DB2 9's "pureXML" technology is speeding development for early customers. This article explores the developer-friendly features behind the radical improvements.
• 15 best practices for pureXML performance in DB2 9 - with pureXML (introduced in DB2 9), XML data is stored and queried in its inherent hierarchical format. To query XML data, DB2 offers two languages, SQL/XML and XQuery. Additionally, DB2 9 has sophisticated XML indexing capabilities and support for XML Schema validation. While most existing performance guidelines for DB2 also apply to XML data, this article provides additional XML-specific performance tips.
   
• DB2 Deployment Guide (free IBM Redbook) - Focusing on the DB2 V9.5 for Linux, UNIX and Windows (DB2 for LUW) deployment methodology, this book provides general guidance and serve as a reference resource for DB2 based solution deployment. These techniques and considerations are also applicable to other recent versions of DB2 for LUW.
• dbtheory in practice - weakness and aspects of SQL on database processing



• Leveraging MySQL skills to learn DB2 Express: DB2 versus MySQL administration and basic tasks - Leverage MySQL skills to learn DB2 Express: DB2 versus MySQL graphical user interface - Leverage MySQL skills to learn DB2 Express: DB2 versus MySQL backup and recovery - Leverage MySQL skills to learn DB2 Express: DB2 versus MySQL data movement - Migrate from MySQL or PostgreSQL to DB2 Express-C
   
• Familiar statements and standard techniques let you tap into DB2 9's new XML capabilities
• What's new in DB2 Viper ... "XML to the core" - (an early but useful pre-release article) ... The upcoming DB2 "Viper" release [officially called DB2 9] features a significant architectural departure from prior versions. For the first time since its debut, DB2 Universal Database for Linux, UNIX, and Windows is providing a new query language, new storage technology, new indexing technology, and other features to support XML data and its inherent hierarchical structure. But don't worry, all of DB2's traditional database management features remain, including its support for SQL and tabular data structures. Explore Viper's new XML technology and learn why IBM now considers DB2 a hybrid or multi-structured database management system (DBMS). ... It's important to note that DB2 Viper's "native" support for XML is in addition to its existing support for other technologies, including SQL, tabular data structures, and various DBMS features. As a result, users can create a single database object that manages both "traditional" SQL data and XML documents. Furthermore, they can write a single query that searches and integrates both forms of data.
• DB2 9 pureXML Guide - This IBM Redbook discusses the pureXML data store, hybrid database design and administration. It describes XML schema, industry standards, and how to managing schemas. It also covers SQL/XML, XQuery, and XPath using easy-to-understand examples, and shows how to use XML technology efficiently in business applications.
• XML Programming with PHP and Ajax in DB2 9
  
• DB2 for z/OS Data Warehouse: Modern Master (July 2007) - Many companies rely on DB2 for z/OS for the highest level of availability and scalability. The U.K. government's Land Registry maintains the world's largest known transaction processing database (23.1TB) on DB2 for z/OS. UPS executes 1.1 billion SQL statements per hour — the world's largest known peak database workload.
• Database Partitioning, Table Partitioning, and MDC for DB2 9 - IBM DB2 Enterprise Server Edition V9 for LUW (Linux, UNIX and Windows) contains innovative features for delivering information on demand and scaling databases to new levels. The table partitioning, newly introduced in DB2 9, and the database partitioning feature provide scalability, performance, and flexibility for data store. The multi-dimension clustering (MDC) table enables rows with similar values across multiple dimensions to be physically clustered together on disk. This clustering allows for efficient I/O and provides performance gain for typical analytical queries. This (free) IBM Redbook publication addresses these questions and more. Learn how to set up and administer database partitioning. Explore the table partitioning function and how you can easily add and remove years of data on your warehouse. Analyze your data to discern how multi-dimensional clustering can drastically improve your query performance.

• American Association for Artificial Intelligence - AAAI
  • Data Mining and Discovery
• Database Mining: A Performance Perspective
   
• FilesDIRECT - Large File Transfer and Data Sharing over the Web
• SQL Summit
• GalaXQL - an interactive SQL tutorial
• Why 90% of production databases aren't indexed properly - How much time is being wasted by poorly indexed databases around the world just because of one simple, simple thing – nobody bothered to tweak the clustered index?
   
• Database Servers Take the Security Test
• IBM helps companies cope with data deluge
• Database Systems & Object-Oriented Programming(McGill University)
• ACM SIGMOD >> Digital Review
   
• Bibliographies on Database Research
• IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin
• Data Modeling: Finding the Perfect Fit
• InConcept - Object Role Modeling (ORM)
  • Journal of Conceptual Modeling (JCM) >> Entropy of a Data Model
     
• Data Warehousing and OLAP
• Introduction to Object Oriented Databases
• Database and Programming Technologies
• Arthur M. Keller's recent papers
   
• A Traveler's Guide to Database Theory
• Bibliographic Database for Computability Theory
• Newbie Network >> Concepts of Database Design & Management
• XML Database products(paper by by Ronald Bourret)
• ODMG - Object Data Management Group - "The Standard for Storing Objects"
   
• JDO - Java Data Objects - overview
• Some References on Database Design
• Foundations of Object-Relational Mapping
• Using Powerdomains to Generalize Relational Databases
• Scalable Architectural Guidelines - Designing for Flexibility
   
• Database Tutorials
• XPERANTO - Bridging Relational Technologies and XML - IBM research project
• Database Design for Platform Independence
• Intelligent Enterprise Magazine - Database home page
• Complex Embedded Systems Need Real Databases

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